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Types of Anxiety Disorder Medication Medications are a great way to manage anxiety symptoms. Psychiatrists are educated in the use and prescription of medications. They can prescribe the correct medication to minimize the adverse effects. Treatment for anxiety disorders is usually three-pronged: psychotherapy, medication and exercise. SSRIs are the most popular choice of medications for treating anxiety, can take up to several weeks to be effective. SSRIs SSRIs are the medication of choice for most anxiety disorders. The newer SSRIs are less likely to trigger adverse effects than older tricyclics and monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs) or tricyclic antidepressants. There are a variety of SSRIs are FDA-approved to treat generalized anxiety disorder, such as fluoxetine (aka Prozac), paroxetine (aka Paxil) sertraline (aka Zoloft), and citalopram (aka Celexa). These drugs boost serotonin levels in the brain. They can also help to increase norepinephrine as well as BDNF. They are able to be utilized in conjunction with psychotherapy or alone. SSRIs can have adverse effects, such as nausea and digestive issues, but these usually improve as the body gets used to the medication. The exact mechanism of SSRIs' action on anxiety is not well known. However it is believed they inhibit the reuptake of serotonin from the post-synaptic neuron and increase the concentration of serotonin in the synaptic gap. This increases the amount of signaling across the synapse, and in turn decreases anxiety symptoms. SSRIs can reduce anxiety and increase the frequency of panic attacks. They can also be employed to treat depression and other mental disorders that are frequently associated with anxiety disorders. They can be used in conjunction with psychotherapy and other forms of cognitive behavior therapy to increase their effectiveness. Unlike some other classes of antidepressants SSRIs are not believed to be addictive. However, it is crucial to follow your doctor's prescriptions exactly. If you suddenly stop taking your medication, it may cause “discontinuation” syndrome and anxiety symptoms to come back. If SSRIs aren't for you, your doctor could look into a different kind of antidepressants, such as nefazodone or mirtazapine. These drugs are also effective, but carry a higher risk of adverse effects than the more recent SSRIs. SSRIs can interact with certain foods such as dairy products and red meat, eggs and some fruits and veggies. If you are taking these medications, it is a good idea to stay clear of these foods. It is also generally advised to avoid alcohol when taking SSRIs, as this can cause a number of side effects. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines improve the calming effect of certain chemicals within the nervous system and brain. They work by increasing the effects of the neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acids (GABA), a substance which inhibits nerve activity. These medications can be very effective in treating anxiety, insomnia and other psychological disorders. They can be addictive and should be used only for short periods under medical supervision. Benzos can be dangerous when used for recreational purposes, or mixed with alcohol or other substances. The use of medication is often the first thing people seek out when they have an anxiety disorder However, they're not the only option for treatment. Psychotherapy or talk therapy has also been proven to be a way to reduce anxiety symptoms. There are a variety of different psychotherapies that can help however the most well-known and effective one is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). This kind of therapy teaches you to change your thinking and behavior to are less stressed. The most popular benzodiazepines include alprazolam (Xanax), chlordiazepoxide (Librium) diazepam (Valium), clorazepate (Tranxene), the lorazepam (Ativan), and quazepam (Dalmane). Each of them has a distinct set of side effects, although they all share similar pharmacological properties. Clorazepate, for example is more effective in treating seizures compared to other benzodiazepines. Lorazepam, on other hand, is better in treating anxiety disorders when in comparison to Quazepam. Although benzodiazepines can be very efficient, they aren't advised for long-term use due to the fact that they can lead to physical dependence and tolerance. They can also trigger withdrawal symptoms, such as an increase in heart rate shaking, sweating, and shaking, if you suddenly stop taking them. The symptoms can be unpleasant and last for a long time. However they can be reduced if you taper off the medication slowly. Benzodiazepines can be very addictive and should be taken only for a short time, usually not more than 4 weeks. During this time, you will be required to monitor your blood pressure and heart rate to ensure you don't suffer a severe withdrawal reaction. Talk to your doctor in the event that you are thinking of taking using a benzoodiazepine. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are a type of medication that can help to treat anxiety-related symptoms. These drugs prevent adrenaline from binding with beta receptors in your nervous system. This is a way to stop the hormone from triggering physical reactions like heart palpitations or tremors. These medications are usually prescribed to treat high blood-pressure and other cardiovascular issues. However they are also available off-label to treat anxiety. If you are stressed, your body releases a chemical called Adrenaline. This chemical signals your body to prepare itself for fight or flight. panic anxiety disorder is a beta receptor that is found in the brain and the heart, causing your heart to beat faster and causing other physical reactions. Beta-blockers are a class medication that treat hypertension and other heart conditions. They block adrenaline's binding action. This helps to lower the blood pressure and heart rate. Beta-blockers are quick to work, unlike SSRIs or benzodiazepines, which require a long time to show a difference in symptoms. This makes them a great choice for those who require immediate relief from anxiety-related symptoms like those who have to give speeches in public or travel on a plane. In addition, they are an excellent choice for those who have both anxiety and a chronic heart issue, such as atherosclerosis or congestive heart failure. Beta-blockers can reduce the physical symptoms of anxiety, but they don't address the root causes. This is why they are typically prescribed as part of an overall treatment plan that incorporates counseling and lifestyle adjustments. They are beneficial for those who have tried anti-anxiety medication but found it to be ineffective or had unpalatable side effects. There are a variety of different kinds of beta-blockers such as propranolol and atenolol. Your doctor will determine the best one for you depending on your medical history and your health. Taking these medications can have negative side effects, including fatigue or low blood pressure, so it is important to discuss your treatment options with your doctor. MAOIs The first MAOIs were developed in the 1950s. monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are effective antidepressants for some anxiety and depression disorders. They are not as commonly employed as SSRIs and other antidepressants due the strict dietary restrictions needed and the potential for drug interactions. Some MAOIs are taken orally in tablet form, while others (such as Emsam) come in the form of a transdermal patch that's applied to the skin each day. MAOIs inhibit the action of MAO which increases the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine within the brain. These neurotransmitters are involved in sleep, mood appetite, sexual function. MAOIs are anti-anxiety. However, they are more likely to trigger side effects than TCAs and SSRIs and are accompanied by boxed warnings for suicide. In addition to the MAOIs mentioned below, your doctor might prescribe other treatments or medications to help manage your symptoms. For instance, a beta blocker (such as propranolol) is frequently prescribed to relieve the physical symptoms of anxiety. Your doctor may suggest a relaxation method or other home remedies to ease your symptoms. Iproniazid was the first MAOI discovered in 1952 during research on tuberculosis. It was soon discovered to be a mood-enhancing drug and is considered to be the first antidepressant medication. Typically, MAOIs are employed when other antidepressants fail to work, as they may cause serious adverse reactions that require immediate medical attention. If you take an MAOI and eat foods that contain tyramine, a substance in a variety of cheeses, red meats, shellfish, fish, and some dietary supplements, it can trigger an unintentional reaction that results in high blood pressure. This severe reaction could cause a throbbing head pain nausea, vomiting, and a rapid heartbeat. MAOIs may also interact with other medications and cause severe side effects like suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Your doctor will discuss your diet requirements with you prior to prescribing MAOIs. The doctor will advise you to avoid eating any foods containing tyramine while taking the medication. They will also provide a list of food items that are safe to consume while on MAOIs. This food guide will help you avoid MAOI-related symptoms.